---
title: A cartoon shows cavemen as grunting and stupid. What is closer to th… — The first people: hunters, gatherers a… · tree and pragmatics
description: A cartoon shows cavemen as grunting and stupid. What is closer to the truth? Test 2 of lesson 1 «The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

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# Test 2 · The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cartoon shows cavemen as grunting and stupid. What is closer to the truth?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cartoon · **What happens:** show, be · **To what, where:** cavemen

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 1 «The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/1-the-first-people/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A cartoon shows cavemen as grunting and stupid.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:1-the-first-people:t2:1
# text = A cartoon shows cavemen as grunting and stupid.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cavemen	caveman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	grunting	grunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a cartoon | cavemen |  |  |  | as grunting | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent caveman=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is closer to the truth?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:1-the-first-people:t2:2
# text = What is closer to the truth?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the truth; close *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They really could not talk at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:1-the-first-people:t2:o1:1
# text = They really could not talk at all
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **talk** | could | They |  |  | all |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They only knew how to hunt and nothing else

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:1-the-first-people:t2:o2:1
# text = They only knew how to hunt and nothing else
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	conj	_	_
9	else	else	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **hunt** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were cleverer than anyone alive today

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:1-the-first-people:t2:o3:1
# text = They were cleverer than anyone alive today
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	cleverer	clever	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
6	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
7	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  |  | today | than anyone; clever *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were as clever as us and knew hundreds of plants

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:1-the-first-people:t2:o4:1
# text = They were as clever as us and knew hundreds of plants
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	as	as	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  |  |  | as us; clever *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | past | They *not said here* | hundreds of plants |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer hundred=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [The first people: hunters, gatherers a…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/1-the-first-people/t1/)
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