---
title: Augustus kept saying the Republic still existed. Was he right? — Rome: from a town on seven hills to a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Augustus kept saying the Republic still existed. Was he right? Test 11 of lesson 13 «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 11 · Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Augustus kept saying the Republic still existed. Was he right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Augustus, Republic · **What happens:** keep, say, exist, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 13 «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Augustus kept saying the Republic still existed.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t11:1
# text = Augustus kept saying the Republic still existed.
1	Augustus	Augustus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Republic	Republic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	still	still	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	existed	exist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | Augustus |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Augustus *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **exist** | past | the Republic |  |  |  | still |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Was he right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t11:2
# text = Was he right?
1	Was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Republic |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, real power was now with him as emperor

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t11:o1:1
# text = No, real power was now with him as emperor
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | real power |  |  |  | now | with him *= he*; as emperor | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, nothing changed at all when he took over

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t11:o2:1
# text = Yes, nothing changed at all when he took over
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	nsubj	_	_
4	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	obl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | participle | nothing |  |  | all |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take over** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, he made Rome a Greek city

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t11:o3:1
# text = No, he made Rome a Greek city
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | he | a Greek city | Rome |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset rome=Beneficiary city=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, the consuls ruled him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t11:o4:1
# text = Yes, the consuls ruled him
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	consuls	consul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | the consuls | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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