---
title: oi why do germans say kaiser and russians said tsar? — Rome: from a town on seven hills to a… · tree and pragmatics
description: oi why do germans say kaiser and russians said tsar? Test 9 of lesson 13 «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/t9/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/) / [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/) / t9

# Test 9 · Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
oi why do germans say kaiser and russians said tsar?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** oi, kaiser · **What happens:** say · **To what, where:** tsar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 of lesson 13 «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t9:1
# text = oi why do germans say kaiser and russians said tsar?
1	oi	oi	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	5	nsubj	_	_
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	germans	german	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	kaiser	kaiser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	russians	russian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	tsar	tsar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | oi |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | kaiser and russians | tsar |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent tsar=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both words come from Caesar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t9:o1:1
# text = Both words come from Caesar
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Caesar	Caesar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | both words |  |  | Caesar |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from caesar=Initial\_Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both mean "wolf"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t9:o2:1
# text = Both mean "wolf"
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Both | wolf |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are Viking words

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t9:o3:1
# text = They are Viking words
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	Viking	viking	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | Viking words |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both come from Hannibal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic:t9:o4:1
# text = Both come from Hannibal
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Hannibal	Hannibal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Both |  |  | Hannibal |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from hannibal=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/t8/)
- next →: [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/t10/)
- ↑ back to [Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/)