---
title: Thumbs down meant kill, right? Everyone knows that. — Rome: daily life, gladiators, Latin an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thumbs down meant kill, right? Everyone knows that. Test 2 of lesson 15 «Rome: daily life, gladiators, Latin and Christianity» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 2 · Rome: daily life, gladiators, Latin and Christianity

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thumbs down meant kill, right? Everyone knows that.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Thumbs, Everyone · **What happens:** mean, know · **To what, where:** kill, that

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 15 «Rome: daily life, gladiators, Latin and Christianity» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thumbs down meant kill, right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity:t2:1
# text = Thumbs down meant kill, right?
1	Thumbs	thumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	kill	kill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	right	right	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | past | Thumbs | kill |  |  |  | down *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kill=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Everyone knows that.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity:t2:2
# text = Everyone knows that.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | Everyone | that |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, Caesar invented it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity:t2:o1:1
# text = Yes, Caesar invented it
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Caesar	Caesar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past | Caesar | it |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it is written down clearly in Roman law books

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity:t2:o2:1
# text = Yes, it is written down clearly in Roman law books
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	clearly	clearly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | present · passive |  | it |  | Roman law books |  | clearly *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in book=Destination |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not sure; that sign may be a modern guess

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity:t2:o3:1
# text = Not sure; that sign may be a modern guess
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	guess	guess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | may | that sign | a modern guess |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it meant "well done"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity:t2:o4:1
# text = No, it meant "well done"
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
7	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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