---
title: The Visigoths took Rome in 410. Why were people so shocked? — Rome: the fall of the West and what Ro… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Visigoths took Rome in 410. Why were people so shocked? Test 5 · ★★ of lesson 16 «Rome: the fall of the West and what Rome left us» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 5 · ★★ · Rome: the fall of the West and what Rome left us

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Visigoths took Rome in 410. Why were people so shocked?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Visigoths, people · **What happens:** take, be · **To what, where:** Rome, 410

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 16 «Rome: the fall of the West and what Rome left us» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The Visigoths took Rome in 410.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us:t5:1
# text = The Visigoths took Rome in 410.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Visigoths	Visigoth	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	410	410	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the Visigoths | Rome |  | 410 |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent rome=Value in 410=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why were people so shocked?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us:t5:2
# text = Why were people so shocked?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	shocked	shocked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | people |  |  |  |  | shocked *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rome was attacked and taken by enemies every single week

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us:t5:o1:1
# text = Rome was attacked and taken by enemies every single week
1	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	attacked	attack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
9	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attack** | past · passive | enemies | Rome |  |  | week |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **take** | participle | enemies *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody lived in Rome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us:t5:o2:1
# text = Nobody lived in Rome
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Nobody |  |  | Rome |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rome=Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rome had not been taken by an enemy for about 800 years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us:t5:o3:1
# text = Rome had not been taken by an enemy for about 800 years
1	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	800	800	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take** | past · perfect · passive | a enemy | Rome |  |  | year |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument subject=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Visigoths were Roman senators

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us:t5:o4:1
# text = The Visigoths were Roman senators
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Visigoths	Visigoth	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	senators	senator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Visigoths | Roman senators |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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