---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — The Aztecs and the Inca · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the fall of the Aztec Empire. Exam question 3 of lesson 19 «The Aztecs and the Inca» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wron
---

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# Exam question 3 · The Aztecs and the Inca

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the fall of the Aztec Empire.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern · **To what, where:** response, fall

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 19 «The Aztecs and the Inca» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the fall of the Aztec Empire.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Aztec	Aztec	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the fall of the Aztec Empire |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fall=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Aztecs surrendered voluntarily to Rome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:e3:o1:1
# text = The Aztecs surrendered voluntarily to Rome
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	voluntarily	voluntarily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | past | the Aztecs |  | Rome |  |  | voluntarily *property* | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to rome=Recipient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Inca Empire conquered the Aztecs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:e3:o2:1
# text = The Inca Empire conquered the Aztecs
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Inca	Inca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	conquered	conquer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conquer** | past | the Inca Empire | the Aztecs |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aztec=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Indigenous allies and epidemic disease contributed most to the Spanish victory

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:e3:o3:1
# text = Indigenous allies and epidemic disease contributed most to the Spanish victory
1	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	allies	ally	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	epidemic	epidemic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	contributed	contribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | past | Indigenous allies and epidemic disease | most | the Spanish victory |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent most=Theme to victory=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A few hundred Spaniards prevailed without assistance of any kind whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:e3:o4:1
# text = A few hundred Spaniards prevailed without assistance of any kind whatsoever
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	Spaniards	spaniard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	prevailed	prevail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	assistance	assistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prevail** | past | a few hundred Spaniards |  |  |  |  | without assistance of any kind | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **assist** |  |  | any kind |  |  |  |  | nom assistance «act transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The Aztecs and the Inca, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca/e2/)
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