---
title: Why was the Inca Empire easier to take over in 1532? — The Aztecs and the Inca · tree and pragmatics
description: Why was the Inca Empire easier to take over in 1532? Test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 19 «The Aztecs and the Inca» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 8 · ★★★ · The Aztecs and the Inca

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why was the Inca Empire easier to take over in 1532?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Inca Empire · **What happens:** be, take over · **To what, where:** 1532

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This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 19 «The Aztecs and the Inca» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca/#t8).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:t8:1
# text = Why was the Inca Empire easier to take over in 1532?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Inca	Inca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	easier	easy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	1532	1532	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Inca Empire |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take over** | to-infinitive | the Inca Empire *not said here* |  |  | 1532 |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It had no people left, because they all moved away

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:t8:o1:1
# text = It had no people left, because they all moved away
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
10	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | It | no people |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** | participle |  | no people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **move away** | past | people |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A civil war and smallpox had already weakened it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:t8:o2:1
# text = A civil war and smallpox had already weakened it
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	civil	civil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	smallpox	smallpox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	already	already	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	weakened	weaken	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weaken** | past · perfect | a civil war and smallpox | smallpox |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its roads led to Spain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:t8:o3:1
# text = Its roads led to Spain
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | Its roads |  | Spain |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to spain=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Inca invited Pizarro to rule

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca:t8:o4:1
# text = The Inca invited Pizarro to rule
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Inca	Inca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	invited	invite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Pizarro	Pizarro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	rule	rule	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invite** | past | the Inca | Pizarro |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent pizarro=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **rule** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Pizarro *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [The Aztecs and the Inca, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca/t7/)
- next →: [The Aztecs and the Inca, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca/t9/)
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