---
title: It is given that a surplus of food was produced by early farming com… — The first farms and towns · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a surplus of food was produced by early farming communities. Determine the principal consequence thereof. Exam question 4 of lesson 2 «The first farms and towns» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Exam question 4 · The first farms and towns

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a surplus of food was produced by early farming communities. Determine the principal consequence thereof.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** early farming communities, you · **What happens:** give, produce, determine · **To what, where:** It, surplus, principal consequence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 2 «The first farms and towns» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/2-the-first-farms-and-towns/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a surplus of food was produced by early farming communities.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:2-the-first-farms-and-towns:e4:1
# text = It is given that a surplus of food was produced by early farming communities.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	surplus	surplus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	farming	farming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	communities	community	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **produce** | past · passive | early farming communities | a surplus of food |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Determine the principal consequence thereof.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:2-the-first-farms-and-towns:e4:2
# text = Determine the principal consequence thereof.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal consequence |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Certain persons were enabled to pursue occupations other than farming

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:2-the-first-farms-and-towns:e4:o1:1
# text = Certain persons were enabled to pursue occupations other than farming
1	Certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	enabled	enable	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	pursue	pursue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	occupations	occupation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	farming	farming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enable** | past · passive |  | Certain persons |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pursue** | to-infinitive | Certain persons *not said here* | occupations |  |  |  | than farming | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent occupation=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All persons were obliged to resume hunting

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:2-the-first-farms-and-towns:e4:o2:1
# text = All persons were obliged to resume hunting
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	resume	resume	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | all persons |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **resume** | to-infinitive |  | hunting |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunting=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The population was obliged to diminish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:2-the-first-farms-and-towns:e4:o3:1
# text = The population was obliged to diminish
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	diminish	diminish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | the population |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **diminish** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Commerce was thereupon prohibited

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:2-the-first-farms-and-towns:e4:o4:1
# text = Commerce was thereupon prohibited
1	Commerce	commerce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	thereupon	thereupon	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prohibit** | past · passive |  | Commerce |  |  |  | thereupon *property* | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The first farms and towns, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/2-the-first-farms-and-towns/e3/)
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