---
title: Identify the method by which Polynesian navigators located islands a… — Explorers: Cook and the Pacific · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the method by which Polynesian navigators located islands across the Pacific Ocean. Exam question 1 of lesson 28 «Explorers: Cook and the Pacific» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wr
---

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# Exam question 1 · Explorers: Cook and the Pacific

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the method by which Polynesian navigators located islands across the Pacific Ocean.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, Polynesian navigators · **What happens:** identify, locate · **To what, where:** method, islands, Pacific Ocean

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 28 «Explorers: Cook and the Pacific» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific:e1:1
# text = Identify the method by which Polynesian navigators located islands across the Pacific Ocean.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
6	Polynesian	polynesian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	navigators	navigator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	located	locate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
9	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	across	across	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the method |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent method=Theme |
| 2 | **locate** | past | Polynesian navigators | islands |  | the Pacific Ocean |  | by the method | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reliance upon printed charts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific:e1:o1:1
# text = Reliance upon printed charts
1	Reliance	reliance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	printed	print	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	charts	chart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Observation of stars, swells and birds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific:e1:o2:1
# text = Observation of stars, swells and birds
1	Observation	observation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	swells	swell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swell** | present | Observation of stars |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **observe** |  |  | stars |  |  |  |  | nom observation «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Communication by radio

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific:e1:o3:1
# text = Communication by radio
1	Communication	communication	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **communicate** |  | radio |  |  |  |  |  | nom communication «communication intransitive»: by=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The use of magnetic compasses supplied from Europe

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific:e1:o4:1
# text = The use of magnetic compasses supplied from Europe
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	compasses	compass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	supplied	supply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **supply** | participle |  | magnetic compasses *not said here* |  | Europe |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** |  |  | magnetic compasses |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Explorers: Cook and the Pacific, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/28-explorers-cook-and-the-pacific/t10/)
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