--- title: Newton's laws come from the 1600s. Why do rocket engineers still use… — The age of science · tree and pragmatics description: Newton's laws come from the 1600s. Why do rocket engineers still use them? Test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 29 «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/t5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/) / [The age of science](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/) / t5 # Test 5 · ★★★ · The age of science Newton's laws come from the 1600s. Why do rocket engineers still use them? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** laws, rocket engineers · **What happens:** come, use · **To what, where:** 1600s, laws This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 29 «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/29-the-age-of-science/#t5). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Newton's laws come from the 1600s. ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:29-the-age-of-science:t5:1 # text = Newton's laws come from the 1600s. 1 Newton Newton PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 laws law NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 1600s 1600 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | Newton's laws | | | the 1600s | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from 1600=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Why do rocket engineers still use them? ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:29-the-age-of-science:t5:2 # text = Why do rocket engineers still use them? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 6 advmod _ _ 2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 3 rocket rocket NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 engineers engineer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 5 still still ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 ? ? PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present · do-support | rocket engineers | laws *= law* | | | still | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} They are perfectly exact in every possible case ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:29-the-age-of-science:t5:o1:1 # text = They are perfectly exact in every possible case 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 perfectly perfectly ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 exact exact ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 8 det _ _ 7 possible possible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 case case NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | They | | | every possible case | | exact, perfectly *property* | tree rules | ### Option 2 {#o2} They are required by law ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:29-the-age-of-science:t5:o2:1 # text = They are required by law 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 required require VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **require** | present · passive | law | They | | | | | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3} Rockets were invented by Newton ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:29-the-age-of-science:t5:o3:1 # text = Rockets were invented by Newton 1 Rockets rocket NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 invented invent VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Newton Newton PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **invent** | past · passive | Newton | Rockets | | | | | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result | ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} They describe motion and gravity very well ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:29-the-age-of-science:t5:o4:1 # text = They describe motion and gravity very well 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 describe describe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 motion motion NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 gravity gravity NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 6 very very ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **describe** | present | They | motion and gravity | | | | well *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent motion=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The age of science, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/t4/) - next →: [The age of science, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/t6/) - ↑ back to [The age of science](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/)