---
title: Why might a country where people stole bread to survive be a strange… — Australia and New Zealand: a short story · tree and pragmatics
description: Why might a country where people stole bread to survive be a strange start for a nation? Test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «Australia and New Zealand: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was 
---

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# Test 4 · ★★★ · Australia and New Zealand: a short story

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why might a country where people stole bread to survive be a strange start for a nation?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** people · **What happens:** steal, survive, be · **To what, where:** bread, strange start

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «Australia and New Zealand: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story:t4:1
# text = Why might a country where people stole bread to survive be a strange start for a nation?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stole	steal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steal** | past | people | bread |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **survive** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | infinitive |  | a strange start |  |  |  | for a nation | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The convicts stayed prisoners for ever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story:t4:o1:1
# text = The convicts stayed prisoners for ever
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	convicts	convict	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	prisoners	prisoner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | the convicts | prisoners |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme prisoner=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia had no laws of any kind, so everybody could do just what they liked

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story:t4:o2:1
# text = Australia had no laws of any kind, so everybody could do just what they liked
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	everybody	everybody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	12	nsubj	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
13	just	just	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Australia | no laws of any kind |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Patient |
| 2 | **do** | could | everybody |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 3 | **like** | past | laws *= law* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It began as a prison colony, yet convicts became free farmers and citizens

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story:t4:o3:1
# text = It began as a prison colony, yet convicts became free farmers and citizens
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	convicts	convict	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	xcomp	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | It |  |  |  |  | as a prison colony | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **become** | past | convicts | free farmers and citizens |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It began as a holiday camp

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story:t4:o4:1
# text = It began as a holiday camp
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | It |  |  |  |  | as a holiday camp | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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