---
title: A ruler did terrible things young and good things old. How should a… — Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the M… · tree and pragmatics
description: A ruler did terrible things young and good things old. How should a history book tell it? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 42 «Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ruler did terrible things young and good things old. How should a history book tell it?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** ruler, history book · **What happens:** do, tell · **To what, where:** terrible things, ruler · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 42 «Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A ruler did terrible things young and good things old.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols:t3:1
# text = A ruler did terrible things young and good things old.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | a ruler | terrible things |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How should a history book tell it?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols:t3:2
# text = How should a history book tell it?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | should | a history book |  | ruler |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It should keep both halves of his life

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols:t3:o1:1
# text = It should keep both halves of his life
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	halves	half	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | should | It | both halves of his life |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It should keep only the good half, so that children have a hero

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols:t3:o2:1
# text = It should keep only the good half, so that children have a hero
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	12	mark	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | should | It | the good half |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | children | a hero |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hero=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It should keep only the bad half

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols:t3:o3:1
# text = It should keep only the bad half
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | should | It | the bad half |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It should leave him out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:42-volodymyr-yaroslav-the-wise-and-the-mongols:t3:o4:1
# text = It should leave him out
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave out** | should | It | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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