---
title: Teacher says «Lithuanian occupation», Danylo says «it was a Ukrainia… — Lithuanian and Polish times, the first… · tree and pragmatics
description: Teacher says «Lithuanian occupation», Danylo says «it was a Ukrainian state». Which is fairest? Test 1 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's cho
---

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# Test 1 · Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Teacher says «Lithuanian occupation», Danylo says «it was a Ukrainian state». Which is fairest?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Teacher, Danylo · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** Lithuanian occupation, Ukrainian state · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Teacher says «Lithuanian occupation», Danylo says «it was a Ukrainian state».

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t1:1
# text = Teacher says «Lithuanian occupation», Danylo says «it was a Ukrainian state».
1	Teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Lithuanian	lithuanian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	occupation	occupation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Teacher | Lithuanian occupation |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent occupation=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Danylo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | Teacher | a Ukrainian state |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which is fairest?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t1:2
# text = Which is fairest?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	fairest	fair	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher's right, Ruthenian was banned in all the courts, churches and schools of the Duchy

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t1:o1:1
# text = The teacher's right, Ruthenian was banned in all the courts, churches and schools of the Duchy
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	Ruthenian	Ruthenian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Duchy	Duchy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | past · passive |  | Ruthenian |  | all courts and churches and schools of the Duchy |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shared state with Lithuanian rulers where Ruthenian culture was very strong

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t1:o2:1
# text = A shared state with Lithuanian rulers where Ruthenian culture was very strong
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Lithuanian	lithuanian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
8	Ruthenian	ruthenian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | a shared state with Lithuanian rulers  Ruthenian culture |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a Mongol state

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t1:o3:1
# text = It was a Mongol state
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Mongol	mongol	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a Mongol state |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Danylo's right, the rulers were Ukrainians

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t1:o4:1
# text = Danylo's right, the rulers were Ukrainians
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Danylo's right rulers | Ukrainians |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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