---
title: Danylo: «Cossacks alone saved Europe at Khotyn». Teacher: «the Polis… — Lithuanian and Polish times, the first… · tree and pragmatics
description: Danylo: «Cossacks alone saved Europe at Khotyn». Teacher: «the Polish army won». Fair answer? Test 11 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choi
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/t11/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/) / [Lithuanian and Polish times, the first…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/) / t11

# Test 11 · Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Danylo: «Cossacks alone saved Europe at Khotyn». Teacher: «the Polish army won». Fair answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Danylo, Teacher · **What happens:** save, win · **To what, where:** Europe, Khotyn

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Danylo: «Cossacks alone saved Europe at Khotyn».

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t11:1
# text = Danylo: «Cossacks alone saved Europe at Khotyn».
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Cossacks	cossack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	saved	save	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Khotyn	Khotyn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** *in a quote* | past | Danylo | Europe |  | Khotyn |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent europe=Theme at khotyn=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Teacher: «the Polish army won».

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t11:2
# text = Teacher: «the Polish army won».
1	Teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Polish	polish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** *in a quote* | past | Teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Fair answer?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t11:3
# text = Fair answer?
1	Fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ottomans won easily

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t11:o1:1
# text = The Ottomans won easily
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ottomans	Ottoman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | the Ottomans |  |  |  |  | easily *property* | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only the Poles fought

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t11:o2:1
# text = Only the Poles fought
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | the Poles |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only the Cossacks fought

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t11:o3:1
# text = Only the Cossacks fought
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | the Cossacks |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They fought together, and Sahaidachny's Cossacks were crucial

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks:t11:o4:1
# text = They fought together, and Sahaidachny's Cossacks were crucial
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	together	together	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
6	Sahaidachny	Sahaidachny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	crucial	crucial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | They |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | Sahaidachny's Cossacks |  |  |  |  | crucial *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Lithuanian and Polish times, the first…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/t10/)
- next →: [Lithuanian and Polish times, the first…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/e1/)
- ↑ back to [Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/)