---
title: Danylo says the Sich was the first democracy in Europe; teacher says… — The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate · tree and pragmatics
description: Danylo says the Sich was the first democracy in Europe; teacher says «Athens was first». What's the best wording? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 44 «The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opt
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Danylo says the Sich was the first democracy in Europe; teacher says «Athens was first». What's the best wording?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Danylo, Sich, teacher, Athens, best wording · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** first democracy, Europe · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 44 «The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Danylo says the Sich was the first democracy in Europe; teacher says «Athens was first».

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate:t1:1
# text = Danylo says the Sich was the first democracy in Europe; teacher says «Athens was first».
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Sich	Sich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	democracy	democracy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Athens	Athens	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Danylo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the Sich | the first democracy |  | Europe |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | past | Athens |  |  |  |  | first *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's the best wording?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate:t1:2
# text = What's the best wording?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	wording	wording	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the best wording |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A copy of the Athenian assembly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate:t1:o1:1
# text = A copy of the Athenian assembly
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Athenian	Athenian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** |  |  | the Athenian assembly |  |  |  |  | nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not elected at all, a king ruled it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate:t1:o2:1
# text = Not elected at all, a king ruled it
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **elect** | participle | a king *not said here* |  |  | all |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **rule** | past | a king | it |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A remarkable elected military brotherhood where only Cossack men voted

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate:t1:o3:1
# text = A remarkable elected military brotherhood where only Cossack men voted
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
4	military	military	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	brotherhood	brotherhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	Cossack	cossack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	voted	vote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elect** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **vote** | past | Cossack men |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The first democracy ever, with equal votes for all men and women alike

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate:t1:o4:1
# text = The first democracy ever, with equal votes for all men and women alike
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	democracy	democracy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	votes	vote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	alike	alike	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Lithuanian and Polish times, the first…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/e4/)
- next →: [The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate/t2/)
- ↑ back to [The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate/)