---
title: If Shevchenko had never been bought out of serfdom, what would most… — Two empires and Shevchenko · tree and pragmatics
description: If Shevchenko had never been bought out of serfdom, what would most likely happen? Test 3 of lesson 45 «Two empires and Shevchenko» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 3 · Two empires and Shevchenko

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If Shevchenko had never been bought out of serfdom, what would most likely happen?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** serfdom · **What happens:** not buy out, happen · **To what, where:** Shevchenko, serfdom

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 45 «Two empires and Shevchenko» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/45-two-empires-and-shevchenko/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:45-two-empires-and-shevchenko:t3:1
# text = If Shevchenko had never been bought out of serfdom, what would most likely happen?
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	Shevchenko	Shevchenko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	bought	buy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	serfdom	serfdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	nsubj	_	_
12	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
13	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	14	advmod	_	_
14	likely	likely	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **buy out** | past · perfect · passive |  | Shevchenko |  | serfdom |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary serfdom=Theme |
| 2 | **happen** | would | serfdom |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He would have ruled Austria

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:45-two-empires-and-shevchenko:t3:o1:1
# text = He would have ruled Austria
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	ruled	rule	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	Austria	Austria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | would · perfect · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme austria=Result |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He would have stayed owned by a landowner, with little chance to study art

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:45-two-empires-and-shevchenko:t3:o2:1
# text = He would have stayed owned by a landowner, with little chance to study art
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	stayed	stay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	owned	own	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	landowner	landowner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	study	study	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	acl	_	_
15	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | would · perfect | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **own** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **study** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | art |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing would change, because serfs could already study wherever they wished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:45-two-empires-and-shevchenko:t3:o3:1
# text = Nothing would change, because serfs could already study wherever they wished
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	serfs	serf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	already	already	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	study	study	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
10	wherever	wherever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | would | Nothing |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **study** | could | serfs |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wish** | past | serfs *= serf* |  |  |  |  | wherever *property* | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He would have become tsar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:45-two-empires-and-shevchenko:t3:o4:1
# text = He would have become tsar
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	tsar	tsar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | would · perfect | He | tsar |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Two empires and Shevchenko, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/45-two-empires-and-shevchenko/t2/)
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