---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The struggle of 1917–21 and the Holodo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Ukrainian People's Republic proclaimed by the Central Rada? Exam question 1 of lesson 46 «The struggle of 1917–21 and the Holodomor» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the ques
---

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# Exam question 1 · The struggle of 1917–21 and the Holodomor

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Ukrainian People's Republic proclaimed by the Central Rada?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, proclaim · **To what, where:** Republic

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 46 «The struggle of 1917–21 and the Holodomor» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/46-the-struggle-of-1917-21-and-the-holodomor/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:46-the-struggle-of-1917-21-and-the-holodomor:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Ukrainian People's Republic proclaimed by the Central Rada?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	People	People	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	Republic	Republic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
14	proclaimed	proclaim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Central	Central	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	Rada	Rada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the Ukrainian People's Republic |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **proclaim** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the Central Rada | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It declared full independence on the twenty-second of January, nineteen hundred and eighteen, amid a contested civil war

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:46-the-struggle-of-1917-21-and-the-holodomor:e1:o1:1
# text = It declared full independence on the twenty-second of January, nineteen hundred and eighteen, amid a contested civil war
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	nineteen	nineteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	compound	_	_
14	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	eighteen	eighteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	amid	amid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	contested	contest	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
21	civil	civil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | It | full independence |  |  | second | nineteen hundred *obl* | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent independence=Theme war=Attribute |
| 2 | **contest** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was established by referendum in nineteen hundred and ninety-one

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:46-the-struggle-of-1917-21-and-the-holodomor:e1:o2:1
# text = It was established by referendum in nineteen hundred and ninety-one
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	referendum	referendum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	nineteen	nineteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	compound	_	_
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	ninety	ninety	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	flat	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | past · passive | referendum | It |  | nineteen hundred |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was founded by the Cossacks of the Sich under Bohdan Khmelnytsky in sixteen hundred and forty-eight and lasted until the destruction of the Sich

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:46-the-struggle-of-1917-21-and-the-holodomor:e1:o3:1
# text = It was founded by the Cossacks of the Sich under Bohdan Khmelnytsky in sixteen hundred and forty-eight and lasted until the destruction of the Sich
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	founded	found	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Sich	Sich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Bohdan	Bohdan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl:agent	_	_
12	Khmelnytsky	Khmelnytsky	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	sixteen	sixteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	compound	_	_
15	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	lasted	last	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	until	until	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Sich	Sich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **found** | past · passive | the Cossacks of the Sich | It |  | sixteen hundred |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **last** | past | the Cossacks of the Sich *not said here* |  |  |  | until the destruction of the Sich |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **destroy** |  |  | the Sich |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a province of the Austrian Empire

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:46-the-struggle-of-1917-21-and-the-holodomor:e1:o4:1
# text = It was a province of the Austrian Empire
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	province	province	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Austrian	austrian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a province |  |  |  | of the Austrian Empire | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [The struggle of 1917–21 and the Holodomor](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/46-the-struggle-of-1917-21-and-the-holodomor/)