---
title: Danylo says Cossacks chose blue for sky and yellow for wheat. What d… — Chornobyl and independence in 1991 · tree and pragmatics
description: Danylo says Cossacks chose blue for sky and yellow for wheat. What did they find? Test 11 of lesson 48 «Chornobyl and independence in 1991» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 11 · Chornobyl and independence in 1991

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Danylo says Cossacks chose blue for sky and yellow for wheat. What did they find?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Danylo, Cossacks · **What happens:** say, choose, find · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 48 «Chornobyl and independence in 1991» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Danylo says Cossacks chose blue for sky and yellow for wheat.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991:t11:1
# text = Danylo says Cossacks chose blue for sky and yellow for wheat.
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	chose	choose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Danylo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **choose** | past | Cossacks |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What did they find?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991:t11:2
# text = What did they find?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · do-support | Cossacks *= cossack* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flag was chosen by Eurovision

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991:t11:o1:1
# text = The flag was chosen by Eurovision
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Eurovision	Eurovision	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | past · passive | Eurovision | the flag |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flag was red and black

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991:t11:o2:1
# text = The flag was red and black
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the flag |  |  |  |  | red *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the flag *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The colours come from Galician arms of 1848; the sky-wheat idea came later

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991:t11:o3:1
# text = The colours come from Galician arms of 1848; the sky-wheat idea came later
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Galician	Galician	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1848	1848	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the colours |  |  | Galician arms of 1848 |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from arm=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **come** | past | the wheat idea |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exactly what the Cossacks decreed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991:t11:o4:1
# text = Exactly what the Cossacks decreed
1	Exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	decreed	decree	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decree** | past | the Cossacks |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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