---
title: Danylo says Ukrainians invented the helicopter. What's the exact way… — Today's Ukraine and Danylo's exaggerat… · tree and pragmatics
description: Danylo says Ukrainians invented the helicopter. What's the exact way to say it? Test 3 of lesson 50 «Today's Ukraine and Danylo's exaggerations» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · Today's Ukraine and Danylo's exaggerations

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Danylo says Ukrainians invented the helicopter. What's the exact way to say it?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Danylo, Ukrainians, exact way · **What happens:** say, invent, be · **To what, where:** helicopter, way · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 50 «Today's Ukraine and Danylo's exaggerations» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Danylo says Ukrainians invented the helicopter.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations:t3:1
# text = Danylo says Ukrainians invented the helicopter.
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Danylo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **invent** | past | Ukrainians | the helicopter |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helicopter=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's the exact way to say it?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations:t3:2
# text = What's the exact way to say it?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	exact	exact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the exact way |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | the exact way *not said here* | way |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sikorsky never built anything

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations:t3:o1:1
# text = Sikorsky never built anything
1	Sikorsky	Sikorsky	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **build** | past | Sikorsky | anything |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The helicopter was invented in Kyiv in 1500

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations:t3:o2:1
# text = The helicopter was invented in Kyiv in 1500
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1500	1500	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past · passive |  | the helicopter |  | Kyiv |  | in 1500 | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukrainians invented every flying machine, from the balloon to the jet plane

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations:t3:o3:1
# text = Ukrainians invented every flying machine, from the balloon to the jet plane
1	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
4	flying	flying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	jet	jet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past | Ukrainians | every flying machine |  | the balloon |  | to the jet plane | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent machine=Result from balloon=Material |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Kyiv-born engineer made the helicopter practical, working in America

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations:t3:o4:1
# text = A Kyiv-born engineer made the helicopter practical, working in America
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	engineer	engineer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	practical	practical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	parataxis	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **make** | past | a born engineer | the helicopter |  |  |  | practical *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset helicopter=Product |
| 3 | **work** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | in America | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in america=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Today's Ukraine and Danylo's exaggerat…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations/t2/)
- next →: [Today's Ukraine and Danylo's exaggerat…, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations/t4/)
- ↑ back to [Today's Ukraine and Danylo's exaggerations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/50-todays-ukraine-and-danylos-exaggerations/)