--- title: A cartoon shows Zhang Heng's machine measuring how strong an earthqu… — China: the four great inventions · tree and pragmatics description: A cartoon shows Zhang Heng's machine measuring how strong an earthquake was. What is wrong? Test 8 of lesson 53 «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/t8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/) / [China: the four great inventions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/) / t8 # Test 8 · China: the four great inventions A cartoon shows Zhang Heng's machine measuring how strong an earthquake was. What is wrong? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cartoon, machine, earthquake · **What happens:** show, measure, be · **To what, where:** machine This is test 8 of lesson 53 «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/#t8). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* A cartoon shows Zhang Heng's machine measuring how strong an earthquake was. ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:53-china-the-four-great-inventions:t8:1 # text = A cartoon shows Zhang Heng's machine measuring how strong an earthquake was. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cartoon cartoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 Zhang Zhang PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod:poss _ _ 5 Heng Heng PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 6 's 's PART POS _ 4 case _ _ 7 machine machine NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 8 measuring measure VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 acl _ _ 9 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 10 advmod _ _ 10 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 ccomp _ _ 11 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 earthquake earthquake NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 13 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | present | a cartoon | Zhang's machine | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent machine=Recipient | | 2 | **measure** | gerund | Zhang's machine *not said here* | | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is** | past | a earthquake | | | | | strong *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What is wrong? ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:53-china-the-four-great-inventions:t8:2 # text = What is wrong? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | | | | | | wrong *property* | tree rules | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} It showed nothing at all ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:53-china-the-four-great-inventions:t8:o1:1 # text = It showed nothing at all 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 2 obj _ _ 4 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 3 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | past | It | nothing | | all | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent nothing=Recipient | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} It showed the direction, not the strength ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:53-china-the-four-great-inventions:t8:o2:1 # text = It showed the direction, not the strength 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 direction direction NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 strength strength NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | past | It | the direction and the strength | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent direction=Recipient | ### Option 3 {#o3} Nothing is wrong ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:53-china-the-four-great-inventions:t8:o3:1 # text = Nothing is wrong 1 Nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Nothing | | | | | wrong *property* | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} It measured the weather ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:53-china-the-four-great-inventions:t8:o4:1 # text = It measured the weather 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 measured measure VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 weather weather NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **measure** | past | It | the weather | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme weather=Value | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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