---
title: Ascertain the circumstances in which Puyi ascended the throne and su… — China: the Qing and the Opium Wars · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the circumstances in which Puyi ascended the throne and subsequently relinquished it. Exam question 4 of lesson 57 «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice 
---

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# Exam question 4 · China: the Qing and the Opium Wars

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the circumstances in which Puyi ascended the throne and subsequently relinquished it.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, Puyi · **What happens:** ascertain, ascend, relinquish · **To what, where:** circumstances, throne

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 57 «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the circumstances in which Puyi ascended the throne and subsequently relinquished it.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
6	Puyi	Puyi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ascended	ascend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	throne	throne	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	relinquished	relinquish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the circumstances |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circumstance=Topic |
| 2 | **ascend** | past | Puyi | the throne |  | the circumstances |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme throne=Trajectory |
| 3 | **relinquish** | past | Puyi *not said here* | throne |  |  |  | subsequently *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Enthroned in 1644 by the Manchus; abdicated in 1700

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars:e4:o1:1
# text = Enthroned in 1644 by the Manchus; abdicated in 1700
1	Enthroned	enthrone	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	1644	1644	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Manchus	Manchu	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	1	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	abdicated	abdicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	1700	1700	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enthrone** | participle |  |  |  | 1644 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **abdicate** | participle |  |  |  | 1700 |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Enthroned in 1949; abdicated in 1997

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars:e4:o2:1
# text = Enthroned in 1949; abdicated in 1997
1	Enthroned	enthrone	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	1949	1949	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	abdicated	abdicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1997	1997	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enthrone** | participle |  |  |  | 1949 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **abdicate** | participle |  |  |  | 1997 |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Enthroned in 1908 at the age of two; abdicated in 1912

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars:e4:o3:1
# text = Enthroned in 1908 at the age of two; abdicated in 1912
1	Enthroned	enthrone	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	1908	1908	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	abdicated	abdicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	1912	1912	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enthrone** | participle |  |  |  | 1908 at the age of two |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **abdicate** | participle |  |  |  | 1912 |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Enthroned at forty after the Boxer victory

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars:e4:o4:1
# text = Enthroned at forty after the Boxer victory
1	Enthroned	enthrone	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Boxer	Boxer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enthrone** | participle |  |  |  | forty | after the Boxer victory |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/e3/)
- next →: [China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/t1/)
- ↑ back to [China: the Qing and the Opium Wars](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/)