---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — China: 1911, 1949 and Mao · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequences of the Great Leap Forward? Exam question 3 of lesson 58 «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choi
---

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# Exam question 3 · China: 1911, 1949 and Mao

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequences of the Great Leap Forward?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** consequences

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 58 «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:58-china-1911-1949-and-mao:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequences of the Great Leap Forward?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	consequences	consequence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	Leap	Leap	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Forward	Forward	PROPN	NNP	_	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the consequences of the Great Leap Forward |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The restoration of the Qing dynasty

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:58-china-1911-1949-and-mao:e3:o1:1
# text = The restoration of the Qing dynasty
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	restoration	restoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Qing	Qing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The immediate industrial supremacy of China over Britain and America

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:58-china-1911-1949-and-mao:e3:o2:1
# text = The immediate industrial supremacy of China over Britain and America
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	immediate	immediate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	industrial	industrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	supremacy	supremacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A famine causing tens of millions of deaths by most estimates

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:58-china-1911-1949-and-mao:e3:o3:1
# text = A famine causing tens of millions of deaths by most estimates
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	causing	cause	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	tens	ten	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	deaths	death	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	amod	_	_
11	estimates	estimate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | gerund | a famine | tens of millions of deaths |  |  |  | by most estimates | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition ten=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sustained surplus of grain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:58-china-1911-1949-and-mao:e3:o4:1
# text = A sustained surplus of grain
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sustained	sustain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	surplus	surplus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sustain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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