---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the earliest known pottery? Exam question 3 of lesson 62 «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the earliest known pottery?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, know · **To what, where:** earliest known pottery

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 62 «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the earliest known pottery?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	12	amod	_	_
11	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	pottery	pottery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the earliest known pottery |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was introduced together with railways in the nineteenth century

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses:e3:o1:1
# text = It was introduced together with railways in the nineteenth century
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	railways	railway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **introduce** | past · passive |  | It |  |  | century | with railways; together *property* | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with railway=Instrument |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It postdates the invention of the wheel by several thousand years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses:e3:o2:1
# text = It postdates the invention of the wheel by several thousand years
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	postdates	postdate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **postdate** | present | It | the invention of the wheel |  |  | year |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **invent** |  |  | the wheel |  |  |  |  | nom invention «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was produced by Roman farmers approximately two thousand years ago for storing grain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses:e3:o3:1
# text = It was produced by Roman farmers approximately two thousand years ago for storing grain
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
7	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	compound	_	_
9	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
12	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	storing	store	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
14	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | past · passive | Roman farmers | It |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |
| 2 | **store** | gerund | Roman farmers *not said here* | grain |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was produced by hunter-gatherers in China approximately twenty thousand years ago

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses:e3:o4:1
# text = It was produced by hunter-gatherers in China approximately twenty thousand years ago
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	gatherers	gatherer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	compound	_	_
12	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | past · passive | hunter gatherers in China | It |  |  | year |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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