---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Writing, laws and money: how strangers… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the earliest known coinage? Exam question 3 of lesson 63 «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 3 · Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust ea…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the earliest known coinage?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, know · **To what, where:** earliest known coinage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 63 «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the earliest known coinage?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	12	amod	_	_
11	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	coinage	coinage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the earliest known coinage |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It consisted of plastic cards in Mesopotamia

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other:e3:o1:1
# text = It consisted of plastic cards in Mesopotamia
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consisted	consist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Mesopotamia	Mesopotamia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | past | It |  |  | Mesopotamia |  | of plastic cards | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was minted in France during the seventeen-nineties

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other:e3:o2:1
# text = It was minted in France during the seventeen-nineties
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	minted	mint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	seventeen	seventeen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	nineties	ninety	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mint** | past · passive |  | It |  | France | during the seventeen nineties |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was minted in Lydia circa six hundred BCE

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other:e3:o3:1
# text = It was minted in Lydia circa six hundred BCE
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	minted	mint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Lydia	Lydia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	circa	circa	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	compound	_	_
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
9	BCE	BCE	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mint** | past · passive |  | It |  | Lydia |  | six hundred  BCE *obl* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was printed on paper in Rome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other:e3:o4:1
# text = It was printed on paper in Rome
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	printed	print	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | past · passive |  | It |  | paper |  | in Rome | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on paper=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/e2/)
- next →: [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/)