---
title: Josh asks why Washington would give up power. What would happen if l… — Who decides: kings, councils, republic… · tree and pragmatics
description: Josh asks why Washington would give up power. What would happen if leaders never did? Test 10 · ★★ of lesson 67 «Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 10 · ★★ · Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Josh asks why Washington would give up power. What would happen if leaders never did?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Josh, Washington, leaders · **What happens:** ask, give up, happen, not do · **To what, where:** power · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 67 «Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Josh asks why Washington would give up power.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies:t10:1
# text = Josh asks why Washington would give up power.
1	Josh	Josh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	asks	ask	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	Washington	Washington	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | Josh |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **give up** | would | Washington | power |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What would happen if leaders never did?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies:t10:2
# text = What would happen if leaders never did?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **do** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | leaders |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaders would get younger every year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies:t10:o1:1
# text = Leaders would get younger every year
1	Leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | would | Leaders |  |  |  | year | young *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing would ever change, and that's fine

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies:t10:o2:1
# text = Nothing would ever change, and that's fine
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | would | Nothing |  |  |  | ever |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elections would be easier and quicker

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies:t10:o3:1
# text = Elections would be easier and quicker
1	Elections	election	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	easier	easy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	quicker	quick	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | would | Elections |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Elections *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Changing leaders would often need violence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies:t10:o4:1
# text = Changing leaders would often need violence
1	Changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | gerund |  | leaders |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leader=Patient |
| 2 | **need** | would | Changing | violence |  |  |  | often *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot violence=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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