---
title: Thabo asks how Mandela went from prison to president. What is the tr… — Rights won step by step: freedom, vote… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thabo asks how Mandela went from prison to president. What is the truest summary? Test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 69 «Rights won step by step: freedom, votes and children's rights» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Test 8 · ★★★ · Rights won step by step: freedom, votes and children's rig…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thabo asks how Mandela went from prison to president. What is the truest summary?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Thabo, Mandela, truest summary · **What happens:** ask, go, be · **To what, where:** prison · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 69 «Rights won step by step: freedom, votes and children's rights» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thabo asks how Mandela went from prison to president.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights:t8:1
# text = Thabo asks how Mandela went from prison to president.
1	Thabo	Thabo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	asks	ask	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	Mandela	Mandela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | Thabo |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **go** | past | Mandela |  |  | prison |  | to president | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from prison=Initial\_Location to president=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the truest summary?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights:t8:2
# text = What is the truest summary?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	truest	true	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	summary	summary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the truest summary |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It all happened in one week in 1994

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights:t8:o1:1
# text = It all happened in one week in 1994
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	all	all	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1994	1994	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past | It |  |  | 1994 | week | all *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in 1994=Location |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Decades of struggle ended apartheid, then all races voted in 1994

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights:t8:o2:1
# text = Decades of struggle ended apartheid, then all races voted in 1994
1	Decades	decade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	struggle	struggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	ended	end	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	apartheid	apartheid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	races	race	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	voted	vote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	1994	1994	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | past | Decades of struggle | apartheid |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality apartheid=Eventuality |
| 2 | **vote** | past | all races |  |  | 1994 | then |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He escaped from prison and took over the government by force

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights:t8:o3:1
# text = He escaped from prison and took over the government by force
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	escaped	escape	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **escape** | past | He |  |  | prison |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from prison=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **take over** | past | He *not said here* | the government |  |  |  | by force | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent government=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was president first, then he went to prison for 27 years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights:t8:o4:1
# text = He was president first, then he went to prison for 27 years
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	dislocated	_	_
4	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	27	27	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | He | president |  |  |  | first *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | past | he |  |  | prison | then; year |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to prison=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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