---
title: Jaden: "Villages were chill tho, why'd anyone move to a stinky city?… — Cities: why they grow, and how water a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Jaden: "Villages were chill tho, why'd anyone move to a stinky city?" ("Chill" means relaxed.) Best answer? Test 1 of lesson 73 «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Test 1 · Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jaden: "Villages were chill tho, why'd anyone move to a stinky city?" ("Chill" means relaxed.) Best answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Jaden, anyone, Chill · **What happens:** be, move, mean · **To what, where:** stinky city

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 73 «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Jaden: "Villages were chill tho, why'd anyone move to a stinky city?"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t1:1
# text = Jaden: "Villages were chill tho, why'd anyone move to a stinky city?"
1	Jaden	Jaden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	chill	chill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	tho	tho	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
12	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	stinky	stinky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | Jaden |  |  |  |  | chill, tho *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** *in a quote* | would | anyone |  |  | a stinky city |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to city=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ("Chill" means relaxed.)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t1:2
# text = ("Chill" means relaxed.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Chill	chill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	relaxed	relaxed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Chill |  |  |  |  | relaxed *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Best answer?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t1:3
# text = Best answer?
1	Best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	amod	_	_
2	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody moved; cities just filled up with tourists

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t1:o1:1
# text = Nobody moved; cities just filled up with tourists
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	just	just	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	tourists	tourist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | Nobody |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fill up** | past | cities |  |  |  |  | with tourists | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with tourist=Instrument |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People were not allowed to leave their villages

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t1:o2:1
# text = People were not allowed to leave their villages
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **allow** | past · passive |  | People |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **leave** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | People *not said here* | People's villages |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cities were cleaner and healthier than villages, so people lived longer there

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t1:o3:1
# text = Cities were cleaner and healthier than villages, so people lived longer there
1	Cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	cleaner	clean	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	healthier	healthy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
13	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Cities |  |  |  |  | than villages; clean *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Cities *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | past | people |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cities had jobs, markets, temples and safety that villages lacked

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t1:o4:1
# text = Cities had jobs, markets, temples and safety that villages lacked
1	Cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	markets	market	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	temples	temple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obj	_	_
11	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	lacked	lack	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Cities | jobs and markets and temples and safety |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient |
| 2 | **lack** | past | villages | temples and safety |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/)