---
title: In Europa Universalis, Kai clicks «develop» and his city grows in on… — Cities: why they grow, and how water a… · tree and pragmatics
description: In Europa Universalis, Kai clicks «develop» and his city grows in one second. What did real cities need? Test 3 of lesson 73 «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Test 3 · Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Europa Universalis, Kai clicks «develop» and his city grows in one second. What did real cities need?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Kai, city, real cities · **What happens:** click, develop, grow, do, need · **To what, where:** Europa

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 73 «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In Europa Universalis, Kai clicks «develop» and his city grows in one second.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t3:1
# text = In Europa Universalis, Kai clicks «develop» and his city grows in one second.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Europa	Europa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	Universalis	Universalis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
5	Kai	Kai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	clicks	click	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	develop	develop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **click** | present | Kai |  |  | Europa |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **develop** *in a quote* | infinitive | Kai *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **grow** | present | Kai's city |  |  |  | second |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What did real cities need?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t3:2
# text = What did real cities need?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **need** | present | real cities |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing at all; they grew on their own overnight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t3:o1:1
# text = Nothing at all; they grew on their own overnight
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	overnight	overnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | Nothing |  |  | their own overnight |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on overnight=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only a big army to protect the walls from enemies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t3:o2:1
# text = Only a big army to protect the walls from enemies
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | to-infinitive |  | the walls |  |  |  | from enemies | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent wall=Beneficiary from enemy=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Extra food from farms, trade, water and many years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t3:o3:1
# text = Extra food from farms, trade, water and many years
1	Extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One click from the ruler, just like in the game

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t3:o4:1
# text = One click from the ruler, just like in the game
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	click	click	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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