---
title: Ollie's big bro: "The Tube's older than your great-great-grandad, br… — Cities: why they grow, and how water a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ollie's big bro: "The Tube's older than your great-great-grandad, bruv." ("Bruv" means brother, mate.) Is he right? Test 9 of lesson 73 «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the ques
---

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# Test 9 · Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ollie's big bro: "The Tube's older than your great-great-grandad, bruv." ("Bruv" means brother, mate.) Is he right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Bruv · **What happens:** mean, be · **To what, where:** brother

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 of lesson 73 «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ollie's big bro: "The Tube's older than your great-great-grandad, bruv."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t9:1
# text = Ollie's big bro: "The Tube's older than your great-great-grandad, bruv."
1	Ollie	Ollie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bro	bro	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Tube	Tube	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
13	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	bruv	bruv	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ("Bruv" means brother, mate.)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t9:2
# text = ("Bruv" means brother, mate.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Bruv	Bruv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Bruv | brother and mate |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Is he right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t9:3
# text = Is he right?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | bruv |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, the Romans built it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t9:o1:1
# text = No, the Romans built it
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	built	build	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | the Romans | it |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it opened in 1863, over 160 years ago

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t9:o2:1
# text = Yes, it opened in 1863, over 160 years ago
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1863	1863	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	over	over	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	160	160	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | it |  |  | 1863 | year |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1863=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it opened in 2000

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t9:o3:1
# text = No, it opened in 2000
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	2000	2000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | it |  |  | 2000 |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 2000=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it opened in 1990

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe:t9:o4:1
# text = No, it opened in 1990
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1990	1990	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | it |  |  | 1990 |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1990=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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