--- title: Ascertain the principal finding of a study published in two thousand… — Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let… · tree and pragmatics description: Ascertain the principal finding of a study published in two thousand and eighteen concerning false news upon social media. Exam question 4 of lesson 75 «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/e4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/) / [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/) / e4 # Exam question 4 · Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news Ascertain the principal finding of a study published in two thousand and eighteen concerning false news upon social media. **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, publish, concern, find · **To what, where:** principal finding, study, two thousand This is exam question 4 of lesson 75 «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/#e4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news:e4:1 # text = Ascertain the principal finding of a study published in two thousand and eighteen concerning false news upon social media. 1 Ascertain ascertain VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 finding finding NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 published publish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 compound _ _ 11 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 eighteen eighteen NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 conj _ _ 14 concerning concern VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 case _ _ 15 false false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 17 upon upon ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 social social ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 media media NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 20 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal finding of a study | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finding=Topic | | 2 | **publish** | participle | | a study *not said here* | | two thousand concern false news upon social media | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **concern** | gerund | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **find** | | | a study | | | | | nom finding «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} False news was never disseminated ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news:e4:o1:1 # text = False news was never disseminated 1 False false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 disseminated disseminate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **disseminate** | past · passive | | False news | | | | | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} False news was disseminated faster and further than true news ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news:e4:o2:1 # text = False news was disseminated faster and further than true news 1 False false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 disseminated disseminate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 4 advmod _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 further far ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 5 conj _ _ 8 than than ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **disseminate** | past · passive | | False news | | | | than true news; fast *property* | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} False news was invariably labelled as such ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news:e4:o3:1 # text = False news was invariably labelled as such 1 False false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 invariably invariably ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 labelled labell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 as as ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **labell** | past · passive | | False news | | | | as such; invariably *property* | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} True news was disseminated a hundred times faster ```conllu # sent_id = question:history:75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news:e4:o4:1 # text = True news was disseminated a hundred times faster 1 True true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 disseminated disseminate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl:unmarked _ _ 8 faster fast ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **disseminate** | past · passive | | True news | | | | fast *property* | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/e3/) - next →: [When civilizations meet: conquest, col…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/t1/) - ↑ back to [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/)