---
title: Mateo's book says "Columbus discovered America". His mate: "Facts, h… — When civilizations meet: conquest, col… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mateo's book says "Columbus discovered America". His mate: "Facts, he found it first, no cap." What's the fair correction? Test 1 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree
---

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# Test 1 · ★★ · When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, s…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mateo's book says "Columbus discovered America". His mate: "Facts, he found it first, no cap." What's the fair correction?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** book, Columbus, fair correction · **What happens:** say, discover, find, be · **To what, where:** America, it · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Mateo's book says "Columbus discovered America".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t1:1
# text = Mateo's book says "Columbus discovered America".
1	Mateo	Mateo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	discovered	discover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Mateo's book |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **discover** *in a quote* | past | Columbus | America |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent america=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* His mate: "Facts, he found it first, no cap."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t1:2
# text = His mate: "Facts, he found it first, no cap."
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
13	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** *in a quote* | past | Columbus | it |  |  |  | first *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What's the fair correction?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t1:3
# text = What's the fair correction?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	correction	correction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the fair correction |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Americas were empty until 1492

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t1:o1:1
# text = The Americas were empty until 1492
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	until	until	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1492	1492	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Americas |  |  |  | until 1492 | empty *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Vikings never got anywhere near

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t1:o2:1
# text = The Vikings never got anywhere near
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Vikings	Viking	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
6	near	near	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **get** | past | the Vikings |  |  |  |  | anywhere, near *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your mate's right: Columbus was the first human being ever to set eyes on the Americas, in 1492

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t1:o3:1
# text = Your mate's right: Columbus was the first human being ever to set eyes on the Americas, in 1492
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
10	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
11	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	cop	_	_
12	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	10	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
15	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	1492	1492	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Columbus |  |  |  |  | human *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | ever *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **set** | to-infinitive | Columbus *not said here* | eyes |  | the Americas |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme on americas=Destination |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People lived there for at least 15,000 years; Columbus began lasting contact with Europe

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t1:o4:1
# text = People lived there for at least 15,000 years; Columbus began lasting contact with Europe
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	nmod	_	_
7	15,000	15000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	lasting	lasting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	contact	contact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | People |  |  | there | year |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past | Columbus | lasting contact |  |  |  | with Europe | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: agent=Agent contact=Eventuality with europe=Subeventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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