---
title: Diego's mate: "A few hundred Spaniards clapped the whole Aztec Empir… — When civilizations meet: conquest, col… · tree and pragmatics
description: Diego's mate: "A few hundred Spaniards clapped the whole Aztec Empire, they were OP." ("OP" means overpowered; "clapped" means beat.) What's the fuller story? Test 2 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's prim
---

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# Test 2 · ★★ · When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, s…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Diego's mate: "A few hundred Spaniards clapped the whole Aztec Empire, they were OP." ("OP" means overpowered; "clapped" means beat.) What's the fuller story?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** mate, Spaniards, OP, fuller story · **What happens:** clap, be, mean, overpower · **To what, where:** whole Aztec Empire, OP, beat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Diego's mate: "A few hundred Spaniards clapped the whole Aztec Empire, they were OP."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t2:1
# text = Diego's mate: "A few hundred Spaniards clapped the whole Aztec Empire, they were OP."
1	Diego	Diego	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	Spaniards	spaniard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	clapped	clap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	Aztec	Aztec	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	OP	OP	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clap** *in a quote* | past | Diego's mate | the whole Aztec Empire and OP |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location empire=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | Spaniards *= spaniard* | OP |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ("OP" means overpowered; "clapped" means beat.)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t2:2
# text = ("OP" means overpowered; "clapped" means beat.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	OP	op	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	overpowered	overpower	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	clapped	clap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	beat	beat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | OP |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **overpower** *not said to happen* | participle | OP *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **clap** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **mean** | present |  | beat |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beat=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What's the fuller story?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t2:3
# text = What's the fuller story?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	fuller	full	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the fuller story |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was all the plan of the Aztec king

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t2:o1:1
# text = It was all the plan of the Aztec king
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Aztec	Aztec	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | all plan |  |  |  | of the Aztec king | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spanish swords were magic, so they really were OP, no allies or illness needed

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t2:o2:1
# text = Spanish swords were magic, so they really were OP, no allies or illness needed
1	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	magic	magic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	really	really	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	OP	op	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
13	allies	ally	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
16	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Spanish swords |  |  |  |  | magic *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | swords *= sword* | OP and no allies or illness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **need** | participle |  | OP and no allies or illness *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tens of thousands of Indigenous allies and smallpox were a huge part

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t2:o3:1
# text = Tens of thousands of Indigenous allies and smallpox were a huge part
1	Tens	ten	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	allies	ally	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	smallpox	smallpox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Tens of thousands of Indigenous allies and smallpox | a huge part |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Aztecs had no soldiers at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t2:o4:1
# text = The Aztecs had no soldiers at all
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Aztecs | no soldiers |  | all |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soldier=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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