---
title: Kwame's dad: "Ghana was first in sub-Saharan Africa, 1957, top of th… — When civilizations meet: conquest, col… · tree and pragmatics
description: Kwame's dad: "Ghana was first in sub-Saharan Africa, 1957, top of the class!" His uncle: "Ah, but what about Sudan?" Best answer? Test 6 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependen
---

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# Test 6 · ★★ · When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, s…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kwame's dad: "Ghana was first in sub-Saharan Africa, 1957, top of the class!" His uncle: "Ah, but what about Sudan?" Best answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** dad · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** sub-Saharan Africa

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Kwame's dad: "Ghana was first in sub-Saharan Africa, 1957, top of the class!"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t6:1
# text = Kwame's dad: "Ghana was first in sub-Saharan Africa, 1957, top of the class!"
1	Kwame	Kwame	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Ghana	Ghana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
8	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	sub-Saharan	sub-Saharan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	1957	1957	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | Kwame's dad |  |  | sub-Saharan Africa |  | first *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* His uncle: "Ah, but what about Sudan?"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t6:2
# text = His uncle: "Ah, but what about Sudan?"
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Best answer?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t6:3
# text = Best answer?
1	Best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	amod	_	_
2	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The uncle is wrong: Sudan was never a colony of anyone, so it can't be counted at all

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t6:o1:1
# text = The uncle is wrong: Sudan was never a colony of anyone, so it can't be counted at all
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	advcl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	counted	count	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the uncle |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | past | Sudan | a colony |  |  |  | of anyone | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **count** | can · passive |  | colony |  | all |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ghana became free in 1800

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t6:o2:1
# text = Ghana became free in 1800
1	Ghana	ghana	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	1800	1800	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | Ghana |  |  |  |  | in 1800 *result*; free *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1800=Result |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ghana is often called first, but Sudan, free in 1956, is sometimes counted first

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t6:o3:1
# text = Ghana is often called first, but Sudan, free in 1956, is sometimes counted first
1	Ghana	ghana	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
8	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	1956	1956	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
15	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	16	advmod	_	_
16	counted	count	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
17	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	16	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | Ghana |  |  |  | first, often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **count** | present · passive |  | Sudan |  |  |  | first, sometimes *property* | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both countries are still colonies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides:t6:o4:1
# text = Both countries are still colonies
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	colonies	colony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | both countries | colonies |  |  | still |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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