---
title: What would have happened if cinchona bark had never left the Andes? — What was lost and what was gained: lan… · tree and pragmatics
description: What would have happened if cinchona bark had never left the Andes? Test 12 · ★ of lesson 77 «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Test 12 · ★ · What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What would have happened if cinchona bark had never left the Andes?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** happen, not leave · **To what, where:** cinchona bark

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 77 «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained/#t12).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained:t12:1
# text = What would have happened if cinchona bark had never left the Andes?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	cinchona	cinchona	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Andes	Ande	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **leave** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect · passive |  | cinchona bark |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme ande=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing at all would change

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained:t12:o1:1
# text = Nothing at all would change
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	nsubj	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	1	nmod	_	_
4	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | would | Nothing |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Malaria would have disappeared on its own, since bark never really helped anyone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained:t12:o2:1
# text = Malaria would have disappeared on its own, since bark never really helped anyone
1	Malaria	malaria	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	disappeared	disappear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	really	really	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disappear** | would · perfect · passive |  | Malaria |  | Malaria's own |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **help** | past | bark |  | anyone |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Beneficiary |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Europeans would have invented chocolate

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained:t12:o3:1
# text = Europeans would have invented chocolate
1	Europeans	european	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | would · perfect · passive |  | Europeans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many more people in the world would have died of malaria for centuries

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained:t12:o4:1
# text = Many more people in the world would have died of malaria for centuries
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux	_	_
9	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	malaria	malaria	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | would · perfect | Many more people in the world |  |  |  | century | of malaria | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of malaria=Causer |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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