---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our nu… · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the origin of the digits 0 to 9 employed at present. Exam question 2 of lesson 8 «Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the origin of the digits 0 to 9 employed at present.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, employ · **To what, where:** response, origin, digits, present

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 8 «Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers:e2:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the origin of the digits 0 to 9 employed at present.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	digits	digit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	0	0	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	flat	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	nmod	_	_
18	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the origin of the digits |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus origin=Experiencer |
| 4 | **employ** | participle |  | the digits *not said here* |  | present |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They originated in India and were transmitted to Europe by Arab scholars

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers:e2:o1:1
# text = They originated in India and were transmitted to Europe by Arab scholars
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	originated	originate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	transmitted	transmit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	Arab	Arab	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	scholars	scholar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **originate** | past | They |  |  | India |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **transmit** | past · passive | Arab scholars |  | Europe |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to europe=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They originated in Arabia without antecedents

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers:e2:o2:1
# text = They originated in Arabia without antecedents
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	originated	originate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Arabia	Arabia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	without	without	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	antecedents	antecedent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **originate** | past | They |  |  | Arabia |  | without antecedents | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were devised in Europe in the twentieth century

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers:e2:o3:1
# text = They were devised in Europe in the twentieth century
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	devised	devise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **devise** | past · passive |  | They |  | Europe | century |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were devised by the Romans

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers:e2:o4:1
# text = They were devised by the Romans
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	devised	devise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **devise** | past · passive | the Romans | They |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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