---
title: Leo picks "England" and paints the map red. His teacher: "Real empir… — Games vs history: tech trees, barbaria… · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo picks "England" and paints the map red. His teacher: "Real empires were mixed." Which example shows it? Test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 80 «Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, wonders and falls» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of 
---

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# Test 8 · ★★★ · Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, won…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo picks "England" and paints the map red. His teacher: "Real empires were mixed." Which example shows it?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Leo, example · **What happens:** pick, paint, mix, show · **To what, where:** England, map, teacher

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 80 «Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, wonders and falls» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Leo picks "England" and paints the map red.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls:t8:1
# text = Leo picks "England" and paints the map red.
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	picks	pick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	paints	paint	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pick** | present | Leo | England |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent england=Patient |
| 2 | **paint** | present | Leo *not said here* | the map |  |  |  | red *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent map=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* His teacher: "Real empires were mixed."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls:t8:2
# text = His teacher: "Real empires were mixed."
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:outer	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	empires	empire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** *in a quote* | past · passive |  | Leo's teacher |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Which example shows it?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls:t8:3
# text = Which example shows it?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | which example | teacher |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ottoman Empire had one language only, and everyone spoke Turkish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls:t8:o1:1
# text = The Ottoman Empire had one language only, and everyone spoke Turkish
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Ottoman	Ottoman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	11	nsubj	_	_
11	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	Turkish	Turkish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Ottoman Empire | one language |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | everyone | Turkish |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Empires never had more than one town

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls:t8:o2:1
# text = Empires never had more than one town
1	Empires	empire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	6	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | past | Empires | one town |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
England has always been one colour

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls:t8:o3:1
# text = England has always been one colour
1	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	been	be	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present · perfect | England |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ottoman Empire had many peoples, languages and religions

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:80-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls:t8:o4:1
# text = The Ottoman Empire had many peoples, languages and religions
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Ottoman	Ottoman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	religions	religion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Ottoman Empire | many peoples and languages and religions |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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