---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises wash… — Toad's Edwardian England: early motor… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises wash day before household washing machines? Exam question 4 of lesson 83 «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the depende
---

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# Exam question 4 · Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, stea…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises wash day before household washing machines?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, wash

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 83 «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises wash day before household washing machines?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	wash	wash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	before	before	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	household	household	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	washing	washing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **wash** | present |  |  |  |  | before washing machines; day | of the following statements; accurately *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It occupied most of a day with boiling, scrubbing, mangling and ironing by hand

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns:e4:o1:1
# text = It occupied most of a day with boiling, scrubbing, mangling and ironing by hand
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	occupied	occupy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	boiling	boiling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	scrubbing	scrub	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	mangling	mangle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	ironing	iron	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occupy** | past | It | most of a day |  |  |  | with boiling | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus most=Experiencer |
| 2 | **scrub** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mangle** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **iron** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | by hand | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It required no water whatsoever, the clothes being brushed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns:e4:o2:1
# text = It required no water whatsoever, the clothes being brushed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	required	require	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	brushed	brush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | past | It | no water |  |  |  | whatsoever *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme water=Precondition |
| 2 | **brush** | gerund · passive |  | the clothes |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was performed only by machines in great factories in the towns

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns:e4:o3:1
# text = It was performed only by machines in great factories in the towns
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	performed	perform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	factories	factory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perform** | past · passive | machines | It |  | great factories in the towns |  |  | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It occupied ten minutes once a month, as clothes were seldom changed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns:e4:o4:1
# text = It occupied ten minutes once a month, as clothes were seldom changed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	occupied	occupy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	2	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	seldom	seldom	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occupy** | past | It |  |  |  | month | once *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **change** | past · passive |  | clothes |  |  |  | seldom *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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