---
title: Select the factor which, following the Black Death, enabled survivin… — Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★ · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the factor which, following the Black Death, enabled surviving labourers to demand higher wages. Exam question 2 of lesson 86 «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mov
---

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# Exam question 2 · Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the factor which, following the Black Death, enabled surviving labourers to demand higher wages.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** select, follow, enable, survive, demand · **To what, where:** factor, Black Death, labourers, higher wages

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 86 «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e2:1
# text = Select the factor which, following the Black Death, enabled surviving labourers to demand higher wages.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	factor	factor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Death	Death	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	enabled	enable	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
12	surviving	survive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	xcomp	_	_
13	labourers	labourer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	demand	demand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
16	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	17	amod	_	_
17	wages	wage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the factor |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent factor=Theme |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund | you *not said here* | the Black Death |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent death=Theme |
| 3 | **enable** | past | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **survive** | gerund | you *not said here* | labourers |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme labourer=Circumstance |
| 5 | **demand** *speech: request* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | higher wages |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wage=Precondition |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
New royal laws on pay

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e2:o1:1
# text = New royal laws on pay
1	New	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A great surplus of gold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e2:o2:1
# text = A great surplus of gold
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	surplus	surplus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unusually good harvests

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e2:o3:1
# text = Unusually good harvests
1	Unusually	unusually	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	harvests	harvest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shortage of workers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e2:o4:1
# text = A shortage of workers
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shortage	shortage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/e1/)
- next →: [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/)