---
title: Ascertain the source of the cholera outbreak identified by John Snow… — Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★ · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the source of the cholera outbreak identified by John Snow in 1854. Exam question 4 of lesson 86 «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the source of the cholera outbreak identified by John Snow in 1854.

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**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, identify · **To what, where:** source, cholera outbreak, 1854

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 86 «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the source of the cholera outbreak identified by John Snow in 1854.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cholera	cholera	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	identified	identify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl:agent	_	_
11	Snow	Snow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	1854	1854	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the source of the cholera outbreak |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent source=Topic |
| 2 | **identify** | participle |  | the cholera outbreak *not said here* |  | 1854 |  |  | vn empathize-88.2 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bad smells in the air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e4:o1:1
# text = Bad smells in the air
1	Bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	smells	smell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rats on the ships

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e4:o2:1
# text = Rats on the ships
1	Rats	rat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cold winter weather

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e4:o3:1
# text = Cold winter weather
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One water pump

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains:e4:o4:1
# text = One water pump
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/e3/)
- next →: [Olympiad: spot the anachronism ★★★, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/87-olympiad-spot-the-anachronism/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/)