---
title: Identify the ruler who, in the year 221 before the common era, unifi… — Ancient China: dynasties, the First Em… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the ruler who, in the year 221 before the common era, unified the warring kingdoms and assumed the title of First Emperor. Exam question 1 of lesson 9 «Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great Wall» of the history course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree an
---

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# Exam question 1 · Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the ruler who, in the year 221 before the common era, unified the warring kingdoms and assumed the title of First Emperor.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, unify, assume, title · **To what, where:** ruler, warring kingdoms, title, First Emperor

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 9 «Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great Wall» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall:e1:1
# text = Identify the ruler who, in the year 221 before the common era, unified the warring kingdoms and assumed the title of First Emperor.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
9	221	221	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	flat	_	_
10	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	unified	unify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	warring	warring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	kingdoms	kingdom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	assumed	assume	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	First	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	25	amod	_	_
25	Emperor	Emperor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the ruler |  |  | before the common era; year |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **unify** | past |  | the warring kingdoms |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kingdom=Patient |
| 3 | **assume** | past |  | the title of First Emperor |  |  |  |  | vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Theme |
| 4 | **title** |  |  | First Emperor |  |  |  |  | nom title «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kublai Khan

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall:e1:o1:1
# text = Kublai Khan
1	Kublai	Kublai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	Khan	Khan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zheng He

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall:e1:o2:1
# text = Zheng He
1	Zheng	Zheng	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	flat	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Confucius

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall:e1:o3:1
# text = Confucius
1	Confucius	Confucius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Qin Shi Huang

```conllu
# sent_id = question:history:9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall:e1:o4:1
# text = Qin Shi Huang
1	Qin	Qin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	Shi	Shi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	Huang	Huang	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Ancient China: dynasties, the First Em…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/t10/)
- next →: [Ancient China: dynasties, the First Em…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great Wall](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/)