---
title: Kai has no idea what "dreich" means. What should he do? — What language is: sounds, words and ru… · tree and pragmatics
description: Kai has no idea what "dreich" means. What should he do? Test 9 of lesson 1 «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 9 · What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kai has no idea what "dreich" means. What should he do?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Kai, dreich · **What happens:** have, mean, do · **To what, where:** idea

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 of lesson 1 «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Kai has no idea what "dreich" means.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules:t9:1
# text = Kai has no idea what "dreich" means.
1	Kai	Kai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	dreich	dreich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Kai | no idea |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present | dreich | no idea |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What should he do?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules:t9:2
# text = What should he do?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | should | dreich |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reply in a different language

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules:t9:o1:1
# text = Reply in a different language
1	Reply	reply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ignore it, because local words aren't real

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules:t9:o2:1
# text = Ignore it, because local words aren't real
1	Ignore	ignore	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ignore** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | local words |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Decide his grandad is speaking badly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules:t9:o3:1
# text = Decide his grandad is speaking badly
1	Decide	decide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	ccomp	_	_
6	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · progressive | his grandad |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Look at the situation, guess, and then ask

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules:t9:o4:1
# text = Look at the situation, guess, and then ask
1	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	guess	guess	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
10	ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the situation | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at situation=Theme |
| 2 | **guess** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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