---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the words "tea" and "chai"? Exam question 2 of lesson 24 «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question
---

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# Exam question 2 · Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukra…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the words "tea" and "chai"?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** words

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 24 «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the words "tea" and "chai"?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	chai	chai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the words |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Chai" derives from the English "tea"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:e2:o1:1
# text = "Chai" derives from the English "tea"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Chai	chai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | Chai |  |  | the English tea |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from tea=Material |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both derive ultimately from Chinese, by maritime and overland routes respectively

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:e2:o2:1
# text = Both derive ultimately from Chinese, by maritime and overland routes respectively
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	derive	derive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ultimately	ultimately	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Chinese	Chinese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	maritime	maritime	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	overland	overland	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	routes	route	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
12	respectively	respectively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present |  |  |  | Chinese |  | respectively, ultimately *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from chinese=Material |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are entirely unrelated in origin, the former being Chinese and the latter of Persian derivation

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:e2:o3:1
# text = They are entirely unrelated in origin, the former being Chinese and the latter of Persian derivation
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	cop	_	_
11	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	Persian	persian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	derivation	derivation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  | origin |  | entirely, unrelated *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  | chinese *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of Persian derivation | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both derive from Arabic

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:e2:o4:1
# text = Both derive from Arabic
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	derive	derive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present |  |  |  | Arabic |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from arabic=Material |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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