---
title: Your dad says "these word stories are all certain facts." What shoul… — Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A… · tree and pragmatics
description: Your dad says "these word stories are all certain facts." What should you say about ketchup? Test 7 of lesson 24 «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Test 7 · Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukra…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your dad says "these word stories are all certain facts." What should you say about ketchup?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** dad, word stories, you · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** certain facts · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 of lesson 24 «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Your dad says "these word stories are all certain facts."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:t7:1
# text = Your dad says "these word stories are all certain facts."
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	all	all	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Your dad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | this word stories | certain facts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What should you say about ketchup?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:t7:2
# text = What should you say about ketchup?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	ketchup	ketchup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | should | you |  |  |  |  | about ketchup | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody has any idea at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:t7:o1:1
# text = Nobody has any idea at all
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Nobody | any idea |  | all |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It definitely came from Latin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:t7:o2:1
# text = It definitely came from Latin
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	definitely	definitely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Latin	Latin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | It |  |  | Latin |  | definitely *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from latin=Initial\_Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its Chinese origin is likely, but experts still argue about it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:t7:o3:1
# text = Its Chinese origin is likely, but experts still argue about it
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	experts	expert	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	argue	argue	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Its Chinese origin |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | experts |  |  |  | still | about origin | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about it=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad's right, it's 100 percent proven by old Chinese recipe books

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:24-borrowed-words-from-far-away:t7:o4:1
# text = Dad's right, it's 100 percent proven by old Chinese recipe books
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	proven	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
12	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	recipe	recipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | it | Dad's right 100 percent |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **prove** | participle |  | Dad's right 100 percent *not said here* |  |  |  | by old Chinese recipe books | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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