---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Texting, abbreviations and emoji · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the origin of the word "emoji"? Exam question 1 of lesson 30 «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 1 · Texting, abbreviations and emoji

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the origin of the word "emoji"?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** origin

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 30 «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the origin of the word "emoji"?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	emoji	emoji	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the origin of the word |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It derives from the French "émoi"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e1:o1:1
# text = It derives from the French "émoi"
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	émoi	émoi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | It |  |  | the French émoi |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from émoi=Material |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It derives from the Japanese for "picture" and "character"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e1:o2:1
# text = It derives from the Japanese for "picture" and "character"
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Japanese	Japanese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | It |  |  | the Japanese |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from japanese=Material |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It derives from the English word "emotion"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e1:o3:1
# text = It derives from the English word "emotion"
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	emotion	emotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | It |  |  | the English word |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from word=Material |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It derives from the Latin "emovere"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e1:o4:1
# text = It derives from the Latin "emovere"
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Latin	Latin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	emovere	emovere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | It |  |  | the Latin |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from latin=Material |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Texting, abbreviations and emoji, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/t11/)
- next →: [Texting, abbreviations and emoji, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Texting, abbreviations and emoji](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/)