---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — Texting, abbreviations and emoji · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the effect of text abbreviations upon children's spelling. Exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Exam question 3 · Texting, abbreviations and emoji

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the effect of text abbreviations upon children's spelling.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, established facts, children · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, effect, spell · **To what, where:** response, effect, text abbreviations

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the effect of text abbreviations upon children's spelling.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	abbreviations	abbreviation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the effect of text abbreviations |  |  |  | upon children's spelling | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus effect=Experiencer |
| 4 | **effect** |  |  | text abbreviations |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
| 5 | **spell** |  | children |  |  |  |  |  | nom spelling «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is conclusively proven that spelling is destroyed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e3:o1:1
# text = It is conclusively proven that spelling is destroyed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	proven	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | conclusively *property* | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 2 | **destroy** | present · passive |  | spelling |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Certain studies found no detriment, though the matter remains disputed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e3:o2:1
# text = Certain studies found no detriment, though the matter remains disputed
1	Certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	studies	study	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	detriment	detriment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
11	disputed	dispute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | Certain studies | no detriment |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent detriment=Topic |
| 2 | **remain** | present | the matter |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **dispute** | participle | the matter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is conclusively proven that spelling is perfected

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e3:o3:1
# text = It is conclusively proven that spelling is perfected
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	proven	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	perfected	perfect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | conclusively *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **perfect** | present · passive |  | spelling |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No investigation of the question has ever been undertaken

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji:e3:o4:1
# text = No investigation of the question has ever been undertaken
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	investigation	investigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	undertaken	undertake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undertake** | present · perfect · passive |  | no investigation of the question |  |  | ever |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **investigate** |  |  | the question |  |  |  |  | nom investigation «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Texting, abbreviations and emoji, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/e2/)
- next →: [Texting, abbreviations and emoji, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/e4/)
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