--- title: Mum says "Take the last biscuit, there's one left." Dad says "Your b… — Grammar puzzles, part two · tree and pragmatics description: Mum says "Take the last biscuit, there's one left." Dad says "Your brother left an hour ago." What's going on with "left"? Test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 36 «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/t9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/) / [Grammar puzzles, part two](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/) / t9 # Test 9 · ★★★ · Grammar puzzles, part two Mum says "Take the last biscuit, there's one left." Dad says "Your brother left an hour ago." What's going on with "left"? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Mum, one left, Dad, brother · **What happens:** say, take, be, leave, go on · **To what, where:** last biscuit · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 36 «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/#t9). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Mum says "Take the last biscuit, there's one left." ```conllu # sent_id = question:language:36-grammar-puzzles-part-two:t9:1 # text = Mum says "Take the last biscuit, there's one left." 1 Mum mum NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 " " PUNCT `` _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 Take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 ccomp _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 biscuit biscuit NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 10 expl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 's be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 11 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 12 nummod _ _ 12 left left NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 14 " " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Mum | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive | | the last biscuit | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Theme | | 3 | **be** *in a quote* | present | one left | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Dad says "Your brother left an hour ago." ```conllu # sent_id = question:language:36-grammar-puzzles-part-two:t9:2 # text = Dad says "Your brother left an hour ago." 1 Dad dad NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 Your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 left leave VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 7 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 hour hour NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl:unmarked _ _ 9 ago ago ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Dad | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **leave** *in a quote* | past | Your brother | | | | | ago *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | *Sentence 3:* What's going on with "left"? ```conllu # sent_id = question:language:36-grammar-puzzles-part-two:t9:3 # text = What's going on with "left"? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 on on ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ _ 5 with with SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 6 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 7 left left ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go on** | present · progressive | | | | | | left *property* | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} It means "still here" in one and "gone" in the other ```conllu # sent_id = question:language:36-grammar-puzzles-part-two:t9:o1:1 # text = It means "still here" in one and "gone" in the other 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 " " PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 still still ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 6 " " PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 gone gone ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 " " PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | It | | | | | in one | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in one=Attribute | ### Option 2 {#o2} It means exactly the same in both ```conllu # sent_id = question:language:36-grammar-puzzles-part-two:t9:o2:1 # text = It means exactly the same in both 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 exactly exactly ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | It | the same | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Topic | ### Option 3 {#o3} It is a spelling mistake in one of them ```conllu # sent_id = question:language:36-grammar-puzzles-part-two:t9:o3:1 # text = It is a spelling mistake in one of them 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 spelling spelling NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 mistake mistake NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nmod _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | It | a spelling mistake | | | | in one; of them *= they* | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} It means the opposite of right in both ```conllu # sent_id = question:language:36-grammar-puzzles-part-two:t9:o4:1 # text = It means the opposite of right in both 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 opposite opposite NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 nmod _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | It | the opposite of right | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opposite=Topic | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Grammar puzzles, part two, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/t8/) - next →: [Grammar puzzles, part two, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/t10/) - ↑ back to [Grammar puzzles, part two](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/)