---
title: Gran snaps "-ish isn't a word, it's lazy talk!" What's true? — Building words: prefixes, suffixes and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Gran snaps "-ish isn't a word, it's lazy talk!" What's true? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 37 «Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gran snaps "-ish isn't a word, it's lazy talk!" What's true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Gran, ish · **What happens:** snap, not be, be · **To what, where:** word, lazy talk · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 37 «Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Gran snaps "-ish isn't a word, it's lazy talk!"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds:t1:1
# text = Gran snaps "-ish isn't a word, it's lazy talk!"
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	snaps	snap	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	ish	ish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **snap** | present | Gran |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 2 | **not** **is a** *in a quote* | present | ish | a word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | ish | lazy talk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds:t1:2
# text = What's true?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"-ish" is an American spelling of "-ness"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds:t1:o1:1
# text = "-ish" is an American spelling of "-ness"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	ish	ish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	ness	ness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | ish | a American spelling |  |  |  | of ness | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She's right, "-ish" was made up on the internet last year by gamers

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds:t1:o2:1
# text = She's right, "-ish" was made up on the internet last year by gamers
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	ish	ish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:unmarked	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	gamers	gamer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | She |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make up** | past · passive | gamers | ish |  | the internet  last year |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Pivot |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"-ish" is an old English suffix meaning somewhat, now used more freely

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds:t1:o3:1
# text = "-ish" is an old English suffix meaning somewhat, now used more freely
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	ish	ish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	suffix	suffix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	somewhat	somewhat	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
15	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	16	advmod	_	_
16	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | ish | a old English suffix |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | a old English suffix *not said here* |  |  |  |  | somewhat *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | a old English suffix *not said here* |  |  | now | freely *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"-ish" is only allowed in maths lessons about time

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds:t1:o4:1
# text = "-ish" is only allowed in maths lessons about time
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	ish	ish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	compound	_	_
10	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | present · passive |  | ish |  | maths lessons about time |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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