---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Adjectives and adverbs: describing thi… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the function of an adverb? Exam question 1 of lesson 4 «Adjectives and adverbs: describing things and actions» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Adjectives and adverbs: describing things and actions

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the function of an adverb?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** function

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 4 «Adjectives and adverbs: describing things and actions» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/4-adjectives-and-adverbs/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:4-adjectives-and-adverbs:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the function of an adverb?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	adverb	adverb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the function of a adverb |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It replaces a noun to avoid repetition

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:4-adjectives-and-adverbs:e1:o1:1
# text = It replaces a noun to avoid repetition
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	replaces	replace	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	repetition	repetition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | present | It | a noun |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme noun=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **avoid** | to-infinitive |  | repetition |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent repetition=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It designates a person, place or object

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:4-adjectives-and-adverbs:e1:o2:1
# text = It designates a person, place or object
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	designates	designate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **designate** | present | It | a person and place or object |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It joins two clauses of equal rank

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:4-adjectives-and-adverbs:e1:o3:1
# text = It joins two clauses of equal rank
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	joins	join	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	clauses	clause	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **join** | present | It | two clauses of equal rank |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It qualifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb, indicating manner, time, place or frequency

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:4-adjectives-and-adverbs:e1:o4:1
# text = It qualifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb, indicating manner, time, place or frequency
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	qualifies	qualify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	adverb	adverb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	indicating	indicate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
13	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	frequency	frequency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **qualify** | present | It | a verb and a adjective or another adverb |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **indicate** | gerund |  | manner and time and place or frequency |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot manner=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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