---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a pa… — Alice's word games: puns, parodies and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a parody? Exam question 2 of lesson 41 «Alice's word games: puns, parodies and nonsense» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wron
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense/e2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/) / [Alice's word games: puns, parodies and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense/) / e2

# Exam question 2 · Alice's word games: puns, parodies and nonsense

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a parody?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** parody

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 41 «Alice's word games: puns, parodies and nonsense» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a parody?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	parody	parody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a parody |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A factual account of the life of the author of a known work

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense:e2:o1:1
# text = A factual account of the life of the author of a known work
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	factual	factual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **account** |  |  | the life of the author of a known work |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A translation of a known work into a foreign language

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense:e2:o2:1
# text = A translation of a known work into a foreign language
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **translate** |  | a known work |  |  | a foreign language |  |  | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent into=place |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A composition in which every line rhymes with the line immediately preceding it, as in a nursery song

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense:e2:o3:1
# text = A composition in which every line rhymes with the line immediately preceding it, as in a nursery song
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	rhymes	rhyme	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	preceding	precede	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	nursery	nursery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rhyme** | present | every line |  |  | a composition and a nursery song |  | with the line | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with line=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **precede** | gerund | every line *not said here* | line |  |  |  | immediately *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A composition imitating the form of a known work, with altered and humorous content

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense:e2:o4:1
# text = A composition imitating the form of a known work, with altered and humorous content
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	imitating	imitate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	altered	alter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	content	content	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **imitate** | gerund | a composition *not said here* | the form of a known work |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **alter** | participle · passive |  | a composition |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **form** |  |  | a known work |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Alice's word games: puns, parodies and…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense/e1/)
- next →: [Alice's word games: puns, parodies and…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Alice's word games: puns, parodies and nonsense](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/41-alice-s-word-games-puns-parodies-and-nonsense/)