---
title: Your Indian English cousin says "Today I am having a cold." Did you… — Tenses: past, present and future · tree and pragmatics
description: Your Indian English cousin says "Today I am having a cold." Did you understand her? Test 9 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Tenses: past, present and future» of the language course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/8-tenses-past-present-future/t9/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/) / [Tenses: past, present and future](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/8-tenses-past-present-future/) / t9

# Test 9 · ★★ · Tenses: past, present and future

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your Indian English cousin says "Today I am having a cold." Did you understand her?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Indian English cousin, you · **What happens:** say, have, understand · **To what, where:** cold, cousin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Tenses: past, present and future» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/language/8-tenses-past-present-future/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Your Indian English cousin says "Today I am having a cold."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:8-tenses-past-present-future:t9:1
# text = Your Indian English cousin says "Today I am having a cold."
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	ccomp	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Your Indian English cousin |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present · progressive | Your Indian English cousin *= cousin* | a cold |  |  | today |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Did you understand her?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:8-tenses-past-present-future:t9:2
# text = Did you understand her?
1	Did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past · do-support | you | cousin |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, she has a cold today

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:8-tenses-past-present-future:t9:o1:1
# text = Yes, she has a cold today
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | she |  |  |  | today |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, she gave someone a cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:8-tenses-past-present-future:t9:o2:1
# text = Yes, she gave someone a cold
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | she | a cold | someone |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient cold=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, she is buying a cold drink

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:8-tenses-past-present-future:t9:o3:1
# text = No, she is buying a cold drink
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	buying	buy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present · progressive | she | a cold drink |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, she will have a cold later

```conllu
# sent_id = question:language:8-tenses-past-present-future:t9:o4:1
# text = No, she will have a cold later
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | future | she | a cold |  |  |  | late *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Tenses: past, present and future, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/8-tenses-past-present-future/t8/)
- next →: [Tenses: past, present and future, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/8-tenses-past-present-future/t10/)
- ↑ back to [Tenses: past, present and future](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/8-tenses-past-present-future/)